You can't check them like you do stats or moves. There is no chart or anything to tell. You just need to keep track on your own.
The only thing you could check is if you reached the max amount of EVs (510) or not (<509).
For Black/White, she is in the building behind the Pokemon Center in Opelucid City.
For D/P/Pt & HG/SS You go to Sunyshore Market & the house northeast of Pokémon Center in Blackthorn City respectively. They will give you an Effort Ribbion if you reach 510 EVs.