Route 14
Old Rod: Poliwag
Good Rod: Poliwhirl, Barboach
Super Rod: Whiscash
Route 16
Old Rod: Poliwag
Good Rod: Poliwhirl, Basculin
Laverre City
Same as above.
Route 15
Same as above.
Frost Cavern
Same as above.
Route 19
Old Rod: Poliwag
Good Rod: Poliwhirl, Barboach
Super Rod: Whiscash, Politoed
Ambrette Town
Old Rod: Luvdisc
Good Rod: Horsea, Clauncher/Skrelp
Super Rod: Seadra, Relicanth, Clawitzer/Dragalge
Route 8
Old Rod: Luvdisc
Good Rod: Staryu/Shellder, Clauncher/Skrelp
Super Rod: Qwilfish, Starmie/Cloyster, Clawitzer/Dragalge
Cyllage City
Old Rod: Luvdisc
Good Rod: Horsea, Clauncher/Skrelp
Super Rod: Seadra, Relicanth, Clawitzer/Dragalge
Shalour City
Old Rod: Luvdisc
Good Rod: Remoraid, Chinchou
Super Rod: Alomomola, Octillery, Lanturn
Route 12
Old Rod: Luvdisc
Good Rod: Remoraid, Clamperl
Super Rod: Corsola, Octillery, Huntail/Gorebyss
Azure Bay
Old Rod: Luvdisc
Good Rod: Chinchou, Remoraid
Super Rod: Lanturn, Octillery, Alomomola
Route 22
Old Rod: Magikarp
Good Rod: Goldeen, Carvanha
Super Rod: Seaking, Gyarados, Sharpedo
Victory Road
Old Rod: Poliwag
Good Rod: Poliwhirl, Basculin
Super Rod: Poliwrath
Route 21
Old Rod: Poliwag
Good Rod: Poliwhirl, Dratini, Basculin
Super Rod: Dragonair
Pokemon Village
Old Rod: Basculin
Couriway Town
Old Rod: Poliwag
Good Rod: Poliwhirl, Basculin
Route 3
Old Rod: Magikarp
Good Rod: Goldeen, Corphish
Super Rod: Seaking, Gyarados, Crawdaunt
I think I've added all of them. Sorry about them being so unorderly, I really don't care though, and you shouldn't either. :P
Pokemon are also version exclusive, such as Clauncher/Skrelp. The Pokemon before the / is found in X, and the Pokemon after the / is found in Y.
Happy Fishing!!
Hope I helped. :)
Source (Copied off everything manually. EVERYTHING ;~;)