This answer includes only berries that have an effect in battle. I can include other berries if you want.
Castelia City: Cheri, Chesto, Pecha, Rawst, Aspear, Yache
Nacrene City: Cheri, Chesto
Pinwheel Forest (Pokemon Rangers): Chesto, Pecha
White Forest (mayor): Chesto, Pecha, Leppa, Lum
Lacunosa Town (executive): Pecha, Leppa, Lum
Route 7: Aspear, Lum
Route 3 (Breeders): Oran, Lum
Battle Subway: Lansat, Starf
Route 6 (Pokemon Rangers): Cheri
Route 8 (Pokemon Rangers): Pecha
Desert Resort (Pokemon Rangers): Rawst
Route 11 (Pokemon Rangers): Leppa
Striaton City (Cheren): Oran
Route 1 (Pokemon Rangers): Persim
Villager Bridge (restaurant): Lum
Route 12 (Breeders), Route 15 and Moor of Icirrus (Pokemon Rangers), Driftveil City: Sitrus
Additionally, many wild Pokemon can hold berries. Here's the full list.
sources: the Bulbapedia page for each location and each berry (there were a lot of them)