How many types of evolution do we have so far?

Question

I can think of at least a couple based upon:

• Leveling up
• Stones
• Affection (usually happiness. Maybe even hate, correct me on this)
• Day and Night cycle
• Trade (like Kadabra and Machoke)
• Trade with an Item (like Scyther)

There's got to be some others for sure, after all I didn't play gen 4 and it's not like I have completed a Pokédex since R/B/Y, so I must have missed a few.
Help me out here guys!

Answer 1

Here are the different types of evolution.

• Leveling up
•Stones
• Leveling up at High happiness
• Day and Night cycle
• Trade (like Kadabra and Machoke)
• Trade with an Item (like Scyther)
•Leveling up at High happiness at certain time (evee in umbreion).
•Leveling up When the Pokémon knows a certain move.(aipom evolves when it learns double slap)
•Unique conditions (Sliggoo evolves into Goodra starting at level 50 if it is raining in the overworld,Inkay evolves into Malamar starting at level 30 while the Nintendo 3DS system is held upside-down and etc)
•Leveling up at certain times(Tyrunt evolves during the day at level 39)
• Trading for a certain Pokémon (Shelmet evolves when other person trades for Karablast and vice versa)
•Additional factors(Wurmple evolves at level 7 into Silcoon or Cascoon depending on its personality value)
•Evolution stones with specific gender.(Kirlia evolves into Galade when it is male and uses Dawn stone)
•Leveling up at certain location(Nosepass and Eevee)
•Leveling up when holding acertain item.(Sneasel)

Source 1:My brain
Source 2:Bulbapedia

Comments

Note:I have not included every type of evolution because most of them used to evolve one or two pokemon but It comes under Unique conditions and Additional factors.If you want know what they all are you can go to source 2 but some of them i have included in the brackets.

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Thanks for the answer Dave!

Answer 2

Here is an answer up to date of gen 9!

•Level up (poliwag->poliwhirl)
•Friendship (cleffa->clefairy)
•Trade (kadabra->alakazam)
•Trade with item (Poliwhirl->politoed)
•Trade with certain Pokémon(Shellmet/karrablast)
•Stone and other evolution items (Poliwhirl->poliwrath)
•Walk 1000 steps in let’s go mode (currently SV exclusive: the rellor line)
•Day and night cycle (sometimes with additional effect)
Regional evolution (pikachu->alolan raichu if in alola)
•Level up in certain area (eevee->glaceon at ice rock (until gen 8))
•Stat evolution (eg tyrouge->the hitmons)
•After move learned (lickitung->lickilicky after rollout learned)
•Holding and item (happiny at daytime->chancey when holding oval stone)
•Certain Pokémon in party (mantyke->mantine if remoraid in party)
•Rare (1/100 chance for a 3-seg-dudunsparce)
•Personality (wurmples evolutions are random, based on personality)
•Gender (snorunt->glalie/froslass)
•wheather(sliggoo->goodra)
•Game version (the cosmog line)

OTHER

includes all evolutions that are somewhat unique and complicated

•level up with 999 gimmieghoul coins in bag (gimmieghoul)
•use peat block under a full moon (usuring)
•take 294 recoil damage in battle (h-basculin)
•level up in multiplayer (finizen)
•use strong/agile style of a certain move 20 times (h-quilfish/stantler)
•level up with amped/low key “nature” (Toxel)
•achieve 3 crits in one battle (g-farfecthed)
•spin around holding sweet
• Pokémon GO only, 400 Meltan Candies (meltan)
•level up with console Upsidedown (inkay)
•use rage fist 20 times (primape)
•have a fairy move with high friendship (eevee->sylveon)
•when a Pokémon evolves with an empty party space and a pokeball in the bag (nincada->ninjask+shedinja)
•when beauty=170 (feebas)
•when moon/sun shards are present in the players bag (eevee->espeon/umbreon in Pokémon XD: gale of darkness)

(remind me to update this as of gen 10 when it releases)

Source

HOPE I HELPED :D

Comments

use of non-stone non-held items (Chipped Teapot, Galarica Wreath, etc.)

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Oh yeah, that will add it

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Should we put the future sensitive tag on this question or something?
@Hexahedron Maybe it's better to say "use an evolution item" because all those items have similar effects regardless of what they're called.

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I say the future sensitive tag would make sense

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https://bulbapedia.bulbagarden.net/wiki/Methods_of_Evolution
There are several here that this answer misses.

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Ok will add those