This should answer your question. Source: PokemonDB.
Hence, to elaborate, the effects are (in order of appearance in the image):
Electric Terrain creates a low-lying electric field for 5 turns, that prevents grounded Pokémon from falling asleep. The power of Electric type moves also increases by 50% while in effect.
Grassy Terrain creates a low-lying grassy field for 5 turns, that restores the HP of grounded Pokémon each turn, by 1⁄16 of their maximum HP. The power of Grass type moves also increases by 50% while in effect, and the moves Earthquake, Magnitude, and Bulldoze halve in power.
Gravity Prevents moves like Fly and Bounce and the Ability Levitate for 5 turns.
Hail creates a hailstorm that lasts for 5 turns.
Haze resets all stat changes.
Magic Room suppresses the effects of held items for all Pokémon for five turns.
Misty Terrain creates a low-lying mist for 5 turns, that protects all grounded Pokémon from status conditions (including confusion). It also halves the power of Dragon type moves while in effect.
Mud Sport reduces the power of Electric type moves by 50%. The effect applies to the entire field.
Perish Song causes any Pokémon in play when this attack is used faints in 3 turns.
Psychic Terrain creates a low-lying psychic field for 5 turns, that prevents high-priority moves (such as Quick Attack or Sucker Punch) being used. The power of Psychic type moves also increases while in effect.
Rain Dance causes a rain shower that lasts for 5 turns.
Sandstorm creates a sandstorm on the battlefield that lasts for 5 turns.
Sunny Day causes bright sunlight that lasts for 5 turns.
Trick Room causes slower Pokémon to move first in the turn for 5 turns.
Water Sport reduces the power of Fire-type moves by 50%. The effect applies to the entire field.
Wonder Room switches the Defense and Special Defense of all Pokémon in battle, for 5 turns.
Edit: Realised it didn't cover Pledge effects, so here they are:
If Fire Pledge is used with Grass Pledge, the move animation shows Fire Pledge and a sea of fire envelops the foe's team is created that damages opponents 1⁄8 of their maximum HP each turn, for 4 turns.
If Fire Pledge is used with Water Pledge, the move animation shows Water Pledge and a rainbow appears in the sky on your team's side that doubles the chance of moves' secondary effects occurring for 4 turns.
If Grass Pledge is used with Water Pledge, the move animation shows Grass Pledge and a swamp envelops the foe's team that halves the opponents' speed for 4 turns.
Edit: Still not doing one-sided effects b/c I'm lazy, but sumwun has just brought to my notice that Uproar fits here as well. How sumwun remembered to get back to this question is beyond my ability to guess.
Uproar inflicts damage for 3 turns. During this time, no Pokémon on the field will be able to sleep, and any sleeping Pokémon will be woken up.
