I think you’re getting EVs and IVs confused. EVs aren’t passed down through breeding; every Pokémon starts out with 0 and gains them through battling like EXP. There is no way to exceed the EV limit without hacking. IVs, on the other hand, are like the Pokémon equivalent of genetics, and are passed down through breeding. There is a limit of 31 IVs per stat, but it is possible to max out every stat (through breeding), although it is very difficult.