What’s everything I need to know about collecting cards?

Question

I’ve wanted a detailed list with everything important to know for a while, and I figure this can help others. Obviously I know a lot, but I think having a very detailed guide is important to have for myself and others (plus, it adds to the site!)

Please include the following:

-card rarity types and meaning (odds included)
-what typically comes within one basic pack of cards
-differences between booster boxes, booster packs, etc. and all the other types of card sets you can get
-different types of card glamour and what they are (foil, reverse holo, holo, full art, rainbow, etc)
-anything else someone may need to know regarding collecting (value, where to buy, collectors editions, etc)
-anything else I may have forgotten to add onto this list
-please literally include everything important (even if it’s “common knowledge”)

No half-answers, no half-assed answers, and please include sources. Please format and organize your answer nicely so that it’s easy to read.

Note: this guide is for collecting cards, not for playing the TCG

Comments

By “long and detailed” I mean I don’t want someone to say “there’s four rarity types and there’s holos and non holos hope I helped” I want a description like “this is what a holo looks like and this is what it means and does” and “the circle symbol means it’s common, which means you have a one in whatever chance of pulling it per pack”

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There's no 1 in whatever chance, the cards are picked semi randomly, up to two rare cards, at least one energy, at least one trainer card, and the rest are common or uncommon

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Wrong again. Take a look

https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/586284836423991297/907096623987965952/IMG_8010.png

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Again, celebrations is quite unique in many ways.

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We about to be on winter break? Oh yeah I got you give me a few days